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How did St. Ignatius of Loyola lead the Society of Jesus as its first general?

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Engraving by Lucas Vorsterman after Peter Paul Rubens showing St. Ignatius of Loyola with a halo, hands clasped in prayer before a crucifix and open book. — St. Ignatius of Loyola Ignatius of Loyola was a Spanish theologian who founded the Society of Jesus (Jesuits) in 1534. The Jesuit order received official papal approval in 1540 and became a key player in the Counter-Reformation of the 16th and 17th centuries.

As the first general of the Society of Jesus, St. Ignatius of Loyola led the order by emphasizing adaptability, mobility, and a rigorous commitment to apostolic work.1

He authored the Constitutions of the order, which replaced traditional monastic practices—such as chanting the divine office—with a more flexible, authoritative regime. Key aspects of his leadership included:1

Educational Focus: He established a foundational system of schools, transforming the Jesuits into a prominent teaching order.1
Global Mission: He directed his followers to be ready to serve anywhere in the world for the "greater glory of God" and the benefit of souls.1
Strict Obedience: He established a special vow of obedience to the pope as the "principal foundation" of the society.1
Training: He insisted on long, thorough preparation for all members.1

Despite frequent illness, Ignatius continued to direct the order from Rome until his death in 1556.21