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How did Pompey and Titus Annius Milo help Cicero return from exile?
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Cicero
Marcus Tullius Cicero, detail of a marble bust; in the Capitoline Museums, Rome.
Cicero’s return from exile in 57 BCE was facilitated by the political efforts of Pompey and, in particular, the tribune Titus Annius Milo.1
While Cicero had initially been disappointed by Pompey’s refusal to assist him when he first faced danger from Publius Clodius in 58 BCE, Pompey later became active in securing his recall. Simultaneously, as a tribune of the plebs in 57 BCE, Milo played a crucial role by actively promoting Cicero's return. Milo’s support for Cicero was part of his broader political rivalry with Clodius, which included organizing gangs to clash with Clodius’s partisans in Rome. Due to these combined efforts, Cicero was officially recalled on August 4, 57 BCE.12