How did Pericles’ citizenship law affect his own son with Aspasia?

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In 451 BCE, Pericles sponsored a law requiring that both parents be Athenian citizens for a person to hold citizenship. Because his partner, Aspasia, was from Miletus and not an Athenian citizen, this law rendered their son, also named Pericles, ineligible for citizenship.123

As a result, the younger Pericles was excluded from civic participation for many years. It was only after the death of Pericles’ two legitimate sons that the younger Pericles was eventually granted citizenship through a special enactment, which later allowed him to serve as a general.13