How did Muhammad treat the people of Mecca after the city surrendered?

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Medina, Saudi Arabia: Prophet's Mosque — Muhammad The Prophet's Mosque, showing the green dome built above the tomb of Muhammad, Medina, Saudi Arabia.

When Muhammad marched on Mecca in 630 CE and the city submitted, he declared a general amnesty for its inhabitants.1

Rather than seeking retribution for years of conflict, Muhammad allowed the Meccan Quraysh to become Muslims without shame or social stigma. They were quickly assimilated into the Muslim community, and the city’s central shrine, the Ka'bah, was cleared of its idols to be rededicated to the worship of one God. This act of reconciliation facilitated the centralization of Arabia around the new Muslim polity.21