How did Mediterranean architecture influence Le Corbusier’s use of geometry and light?

Le Corbusier’s travels through the Mediterranean and the Balkan Peninsula between 1907 and 1911 were foundational to his architectural development. During these journeys, he observed popular, vernacular architecture, which provided him with a vital repertory of geometric forms that would later define his work.1

Regarding his use of geometry and light, these experiences taught him:

• Geometric Forms: He drew inspiration from the simple, clear geometric shapes found in traditional Mediterranean structures, which later aligned with his commitment to Purism—an aesthetic that rejected complex ornamentation in favor of pure, simple forms.1
• Handling of Light: His observations of how light interacted with these vernacular buildings informed his own approach to architectural design, emphasizing how light could define space and form.1
• Landscape Integration: He learned to utilize the surrounding landscape as an architectural background, a technique that became a hallmark of his designs, such as the Villa Savoye, which is set within a rural environment.12

These lessons, combined with his study of classical proportion in Greece, helped him transition from his early training toward the functionalist and sculptural style for which he is internationally recognized.31