How did Jules Mazarin use his personal wealth during France's financial crises?

Although Jules, Cardinal Mazarin, was often criticized by his contemporaries for his personal greed and for occasionally blurring the lines between royal income and his own wealth, he demonstrated a commitment to the state during times of crisis. On several occasions when France faced desperate financial situations, Mazarin placed his own personal fortune at the disposal of the state to help alleviate these fiscal pressures.1

This willingness to support the government financially stood in contrast to the accusations of avarice leveled against him by his political enemies, particularly during the period of the Fronde, when his financial policies and use of intendants to raise revenue for ongoing wars sparked widespread public and aristocratic discontent.213