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How did John Keble influence John Henry Newman?

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St. John Henry Newman English prelate, theologian, and poet John Henry Newman converted to Roman Catholicism in 1845. He was made a cardinal in 1879.

John Keble was a pivotal influence on John Henry Newman, helping to shape his theological development during his time at Oxford. Alongside Richard Hurrell Froude, Keble was instrumental in guiding Newman toward becoming a convinced High Churchman. This perspective emphasized the Anglican church’s continuity with ancient Christian traditions, specifically regarding the sacraments, the priesthood, and the episcopate.1

Together, Keble and Newman became key leaders of the Oxford Movement, which sought to renew "catholic" thought and practice within the Church of England. Keble’s influence was further cemented through his role in the movement's intellectual foundation; his 1833 sermon "National Apostasy" is widely considered to have initiated the movement. Both men contributed to the Tracts for the Times, a series of writings that challenged state control over the church and encouraged a return to the teachings of the early Church Fathers.23