How did Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz use the principle of sufficient reason to defend the best of all possible worlds?

Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz utilized the principle of sufficient reason—which asserts that there must be an adequate reason for the existence and nature of everything—to argue that the current world is the best of all possible worlds.12

Leibniz reasoned that because God is omnipotent, omniscient, and omnibenevolent, He had the capacity to choose from an infinite number of possible worlds. If there were no single "best" world, God would have lacked a sufficient reason to create one world over another, which would have resulted in Him creating nothing at all. Since a world clearly exists, it must be the best one, as God’s nature necessitates that He choose the most perfect option.23

Regarding the existence of evil, Leibniz argued that what appears to be evil may be necessary within the interconnected structure of the universe to achieve a greater good, or that our limited human perspective fails to grasp the divine standard of goodness that justifies the current world's state.2