How did Federico Fellini pioneer psychoanalytical cinema?

Federico Fellini pioneered psychoanalytical cinema by moving beyond the conventions of Neorealism to create a deeply personal style that merged dream and reality, autobiography and fantasy.12

His approach was significantly shaped by his study of the psychoanalytical theories of Carl Jung, whose concepts regarding the collective unconscious helped inspire the surreal and hallucinatory imagery found throughout his work. By utilizing his own creative and personal experiences as primary subject matter, Fellini transformed the screen into a space for exploring the psyche.342

This pioneering category of cinema was most notably established in his film 8 1/2 (1963), which depicts a director struggling with creative paralysis and retreating into childhood memories and fantasies. By recording his own dreams in illustrated notebooks and using them as raw material for his films, Fellini successfully integrated the internal world of the unconscious into the visual language of cinema, influencing generations of filmmakers.32