How did F.C.S. Schiller support pragmatism in England?

Ferdinand C.S. Schiller was the most prominent pragmatist in Europe during his lifetime and a dedicated friend and admirer of William James. He supported pragmatism in England primarily by championing an anthropocentric philosophy he termed "humanism," which posited that both reality and knowledge are reflections of human activity—viewing them as "the taken" rather than "the given."1

Schiller’s advocacy for pragmatism included the following efforts:

• Critique of Idealism: He was a tireless critic of the "closed" philosophical systems maintained by English idealists such as F.H. Bradley, J.M.E. McTaggart, and Bernard Bosanquet.1
• Promotion of Intellectual Freedom: He advocated for open, pluralistic, and evolving philosophical theorizing, arguing that truth and reality are artifacts relative to individual human purposes rather than eternal verities.1
• Scholarly Influence: After being inspired by James’s "The Will to Believe" in 1897, Schiller articulated his pragmatic views in influential papers, most notably "Axioms as Postulates" (1902), where he argued that science is guided by the psychological processes of human thought.1