How did Ben Nicholson help Piet Mondrian’s ideas reach English-speaking readers?

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Piet Mondrian Mondrian, photograph by Arnold Newman, 1942.

Ben Nicholson helped bring Piet Mondrian’s ideas to English-speaking readers by encouraging him to publish his essay, "Plastic Art and Pure Plastic Art," in the international publication Circle.1

Nicholson served as a coeditor of Circle, a 1937 manifesto designed to promote Constructivism and other modern art styles in England. By including Mondrian’s work in this publication, Nicholson provided a platform for the Dutch painter’s theories to reach a significantly broader audience. Additionally, when Mondrian left Paris in 1938 due to the threat of war, he was welcomed to London by members of the Circle group, further integrating him into the English artistic community.21