How did Alexander Bain’s ideas relate to those of John Stuart Mill?

Alexander Bain, a Scottish philosopher, advanced the study of psychology and advocated for educational reform. He became acquainted with John Stuart Mill and his circle in London around 1840, contributing to The Westminster Review. Bain's work focused on mental processes and sought physical correlatives for abstract concepts, emphasizing the importance of the brain and nervous system. He founded the journal Mind in 1876, dedicated to psychology.1

John Stuart Mill was an English philosopher, economist, and proponent of utilitarianism, known for his contributions to logic and ethical theory. Mill's writings were highly influential in 19th-century English thought, though his philosophical positions, particularly on utilitarianism and empiricism, have been subject to varied interpretations. Bain wrote a critical work titled John Stuart Mill: A Criticism, with Personal Recollections in 1882.231