How did Abd el-Krim change society in the territory controlled by the Republic of the Rif?

In the territory controlled by the Republic of the Rif, Abd el-Krim transformed the existing social structure by replacing a traditional, hierarchical society with a centralized system of governance.1

His reforms included:

• Centralized Administration: He established a centralized bureaucracy and a unified fighting force to replace previous local power structures.1
• Legal Reform: He implemented a formal Muslim legal code to govern the territory.1
• Infrastructure and Economy: He oversaw the development of a nascent network of roads and telecommunications, alongside the establishment of international trade arrangements.1

These changes were part of his broader effort to consolidate power and maintain the sovereignty of the Rif during his leadership of the liberation movement.12