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George III (born June 4 [May 24, Old Style], 1738, London—died January 29, 1820, Windsor Castle, near London) was the king of Great Britain and Ireland (1760–1820) and elector (1760–1814) and then king (1814–20) of Hanover, during a period when Britain won an empire in the Seven Years’ War but lost its American colonies and then, after the struggle against Revolutionary and Napoleonic France, emerged as a leading power in Europe. During the last years...