Did Thutmose III conquer the Mitanni kingdom?
Thutmose III did not fully conquer or subjugate the Mitanni kingdom, though he successfully challenged its power and expanded Egyptian influence in the region.12
During his 33rd regnal year, Thutmose III launched a significant campaign against Mitanni, crossing the Euphrates River using pontoon boats. While he defeated the Mitannian army, forcing the king to flee and capturing members of his harem, he did not permanently occupy or annex the kingdom. Although he ravaged the countryside around Carchemish, the city itself was not taken.12
Ultimately, while Thutmose III never subjugated Mitanni, his persistent military campaigns established Egypt's dominance in the region, leading powers such as Babylonia, Assyria, and the Hittites to send tribute in recognition of his authority.12