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Did St. Joan of Arc end the Hundred Years’ War?

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Painting by Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres showing Joan of Arc in armor holding a banner at an altar during the coronation of Charles VII in Reims Cathedral, with figures praying behind her. — St. Joan of Arc *Joan of Arc at the Coronation of Charles VII in Reims Cathedral*, by Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres, 1854; in the Louvre, Paris.

St. Joan of Arc did not personally end the Hundred Years’ War. While her leadership at the siege of Orléans in 1429 served as a critical turning point that bolstered French morale and secured the coronation of Charles VII, the conflict continued for another 22 years after her death in 1431.12

The eventual recovery of France was built upon several factors following her execution, most notably the defection of Philip the Good of Burgundy from his alliance with the English in 1435. This political shift allowed Charles VII to consolidate his power and systematically reclaim French territories, including Normandy and Guyenne. The war effectively concluded in 1453 following the Battle of Castillon, by which time only Calais remained under English control.23

While Joan’s military contributions were significant, her enduring legacy lies in her role as a symbol of French national consciousness and her heroic fortitude during her trial.2