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flute, wind instrument in which sound is produced by directing a stream of air against a sharp edge, causing the air to split and create vibrations within the enclosed air column. This process, known as edge-tone generation, produces a clear, sustained pitch without the use of reeds. In vertical, end-blown flutes—such as the Balkan kaval, the Arabic nāy, and the panpipes—the player directs the breath across the rim of the tube. In China, South America,...