Why were masks used in early hunting societies?

In early hunting societies, masks were primarily utilized for two purposes:

• Stalking Prey: During the Stone Age, disguise masks were used to conceal hunters, allowing them to approach their quarry more effectively.1
• Spiritual Placation: Masks were later used to house the spirit of a slain animal in the hope of placating it.1

These practices reflect the deep connection between early survival strategies and ritualistic beliefs. The use of animal masks by shamans in regions like Siberia is considered to be closely linked to these prehistoric traditions, such as the imagery found in the Trois Frères cave in France. Beyond these specific hunting applications, masks also served broader roles in early societies, including totemism, where masks were created to house totem spirits to secure protection and comfort for the clan.12