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Why were granite relieving chambers built above the King’s Chamber in the Great Pyramid?

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Ancient Egyptian illustration from the Book of the Dead showing Anubis weighing the soul of the scribe Ani, with gods seated above and hieroglyphic text throughout. — Egyptian art and architecture Anubis weighing the soul of the scribe Ani, from the Egyptian Book of the Dead, c. 1275 bce.

The granite relieving chambers located above the King’s Chamber in the Great Pyramid of Giza were constructed to protect the structural integrity of the burial room.

These five compartments, which are separated by massive horizontal granite slabs, were designed to shield the ceiling of the King's Chamber by diverting the immense weight and downward thrust exerted by the millions of tons of masonry positioned above it. By distributing this pressure away from the chamber's roof, the architects ensured the stability of the burial space within the ancient Egyptian monument.12