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Which keys are parallel to C major and C minor?

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In music theory, parallel keys are defined as those that share the same tonic (or initial) note but differ in their scale structure (major versus minor).1

  • The parallel key of C major is C minor.1
  • The parallel key of C minor is C major.1

It is important to distinguish this from relative keys, which share the same key signature rather than the same tonic. For example, the relative minor of C major is A minor, and the relative major of A minor is C major.1