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Which communities continued to use Yiddish as an everyday language?

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Portrait of Russian author Sholem Aleichem with wavy hair, glasses, and mustache, wearing a suit and tie with medals on his lapel, early 1900s. — Yiddish literature Pen name of Sholem Rabinovitsh, Sholem Aleichem was the most popular and well-known of all Yiddish writers.

Following the widespread decline of Yiddish as a primary vernacular due to the Holocaust, Soviet suppression, and assimilation in Western countries, the primary community that continues to use Yiddish as an everyday language is the ultra-Orthodox Hasidim in numerous countries.123

While secular interest in the language persists through Yiddish literature, university programs, and cultural festivals, these groups generally do not use the language for daily communication. In contrast, for the ultra-Orthodox, Yiddish remains a living, functional vernacular, though this community typically exists in a separate sphere from the secular literary scene.143