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Which European countries established glasshouses using Italian glassmaking methods in the 16th century?
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glassware
Fish of core-made glass with “combed” decoration, Egyptian, New Kingdom, 18th dynasty (c. 1363–46 bc). In the British Museum. 0.141 m × .069 m.
During the 16th century, the high demand for Venetian glass and the migration of skilled Italian glassworkers led to the establishment of glasshouses across Europe that utilized Italian techniques. This international style, known as façon de Venise, was adopted by glassmakers in several countries, including:
- France1
- Spain1
- Portugal1
- Austria1
- Germany1
- England1
Additionally, Antwerp served as a secondary center for the diffusion of these methods in the north. While Venetian authorities attempted to restrict their workers from leaving or sharing trade secrets, glassmakers from Altare, near Genoa, actively supplied workers and taught Italian methods wherever there was demand, further facilitating the spread of this decorative art form throughout the continent.12