Where did trap music begin, and which artists were called its holy trinity?

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hip-hop American rap group Public Enemy, 1988.

Trap music originated in the 1990s in Atlanta as an offshoot of gangsta rap. The subgenre takes its name from "trap houses," which are locations where illegal drugs are produced and sold.1

The artists colloquially known as the "holy trinity of trap" are:

Gucci Mane1
Young Jeezy1
T.I.1

While Gucci Mane and Young Jeezy were recognized for their foundational work in the scene, T.I. is credited with helping to bring the subgenre into the mainstream with his 2003 album Trap Muzik.1