When was Beowulf probably composed?

The exact date of composition for Beowulf remains a subject of scholarly uncertainty, as there is no consensus beyond the general belief that most Old English literature was written between the 8th and 11th centuries.1

While some scholars have traditionally attributed the poem to the 8th century, this view has faced increasing challenge since the late 20th century. Many contemporary researchers now suggest that Beowulf may have been composed in the 9th century or later. The poem itself is preserved in a single manuscript, known as the Beowulf manuscript, which dates to approximately 1000 CE.123