What historical conflict is represented through the Teutonic Order and Lithuanians in Konrad Wallenrod?

In the context of Polish literature, the poem Konrad Wallenrod (1828) by Adam Mickiewicz uses the historical conflict between the Teutonic Order and the Lithuanians as a literary allegory.1

While the narrative depicts the medieval struggle for survival between the pagan Lithuanians and the crusading German knights, it was written to represent the age-old, ongoing political feud between Poland and Russia. By framing the story within this historical setting, Mickiewicz sought to address the contemporary struggle for Polish national freedom against the Russian Empire, reflecting the patriotic sentiments of his time.1