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What do the heart, crown, and hands on a Claddagh ring symbolize?

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jewelry Stomacher brooch with emeralds and enamel flowers on gold, from the treasure of the Virgin of Pilar, mid-17th century; in the Victoria and Albert Museum, London.

The Claddagh ring is a traditional piece of Irish jewelry that features three distinct elements, each carrying a specific symbolic meaning:

Heart: Symbolizes love.12
Crown: Symbolizes loyalty.12
Hands: Symbolize friendship.12

Originating from a fishing village near Galway, Ireland, the design is based on the fede ring motif, which represents "hands in faith." While the symbols collectively represent love, loyalty, and friendship, the ring is also used to convey the wearer's marital status depending on which hand and in which direction it is worn.12