What are standards and threads in basket construction?

In the context of noncoiled basketry, standards and threads are the two primary components used to construct the object.1

• Standards: These form the foundation of the basket. They are typically rigid, passive, and parallel elements that are set up at the beginning of the construction process. The arrangement of the standards predetermines the final shape and dimensions of the finished article.12
• Threads: These are the flexible elements used to hold the standards together. Depending on the technique, threads may be wrapped around the standards, twisted in groups to enclose them (as in twined construction), or interwoven with the standards (as in wickerwork).2

Together, the interaction between these two elements defines the structure of most noncoiled basketry.1