How were choirboys trained in medieval cathedrals?

In medieval cathedrals, the training of choirboys was a structured process overseen by the precentor, or choir director. These boys were instructed not only in the performance of plainsong and liturgy but also received tuition in subjects beyond music.1

The educational framework often involved:

• Instruction and Mentorship: Boys were trained by the precentor to participate in church services. In some instances, such as in English monastic settings, they were taught by secular clerks.12
• Almonry Schools: Beginning in the 14th century, some boys attended almonry schools, which provided housing, food, and education for those who could sing and read.2
• Progression: Boys who demonstrated intelligence and vocal talent could advance to the rank of vicar choral. As they progressed, they often gained access to specific privileges, including dedicated lodgings.1
• Broader Context: While some training occurred within the cathedral's own cathedral school, specialized singing schools known as a schola cantorum also existed to teach singing techniques and repertory, historically relying on oral tradition.3