How does a recorder differ from a transverse flute?

The primary difference between a recorder and a transverse flute lies in how the sound is produced and how the instrument is held.

• Sound Production: The recorder is a fipple, or whistle, flute. It features an internal duct (the block or fipple) that directs air against a sharp edge to create sound. In contrast, the transverse flute is a side-blown instrument; the player produces sound by blowing across a side opening.123
• Playing Position: The recorder is held vertically, while the transverse flute is held horizontally (sideways) to the right.3
• Control: Historically, the recorder lacks the lip control found in transverse flutes, which limits its dynamic range compared to the more expressive melodic capabilities developed for the transverse flute during the Baroque period.4

While both are woodwind instruments, they represent distinct design traditions within the flute family.32