How did the sirhak school influence Korean literary style and subject matter?

The sirhak (or silhak, meaning "Practical Learning") school significantly transformed Korean literature by shifting the focus of scholars and writers from speculative, abstract theorizing toward contemporary realities and practical social concerns.123

Influence on Literary Style

The sirhak school introduced a more lively and direct writing style. By rejecting the rigid formalism of Neo-Confucianism, these writers sought to engage with the actual conditions of the state and society. This shift encouraged:312
* Individualized Expression: Writers like Shin Wi attempted to breathe new life into poetry written in Chinese through more personal and expressive techniques.3
* Folk-Inspired Verse: Scholars such as Chŏng Yak-Yong began producing verse that incorporated the flavor of folk songs, moving away from purely academic or elitist conventions.3

Influence on Subject Matter

The school’s commitment to social reform—including land reform, the development of commerce, and the abolition of class barriers—deeply influenced the themes of the era. Key thematic shifts included:12
* Social Criticism: Writers like Pak Chi-Wŏn used literature as a vehicle to critique the realities of the times, particularly targeting the yangban (the ruling class) through short narratives.3
* Focus on Daily Life: The movement helped foster an interest in the customs, geography, and everyday experiences of the Korean people, aligning with broader trends that saw literature move beyond catering exclusively to the upper class.23