How did novelty tap dancers use props such as stairs and jump ropes?

In the context of the performing arts, novelty tap dancing emerged as a way for performers to distinguish themselves by incorporating specialty props into their routines.1

• Stairs: The "stair dance" is a specific style of tap performance executed while moving up and down a small flight of stairs. The legendary performer Bill Robinson was particularly renowned for his exquisite mastery of this technique.21
• Jump Ropes: Jump ropes were utilized as specialty props to add a unique, acrobatic, or rhythmic challenge to a routine, helping dancers stand out in a competitive field where tap was a common skill.1

Beyond these, novelty dancers frequently experimented with other items, such as suitcases, to create distinct and memorable acts. These props allowed dancers to push the boundaries of the art form, moving beyond standard footwork to incorporate visual and physical variety into their performances.1