How did Western-style painting differ from Eastern-style painting in modern Korea?

In modern Korea, the distinction between Western-style and Eastern-style painting emerged significantly during the Japanese occupation (1910–1945), with each tradition defined by different mediums, techniques, and conceptual approaches.1

Western-Style Painting

Western-style painting in Korea was heavily influenced by Japanese academic standards and European movements, particularly Impressionism. Key characteristics included:1
* Medium and Technique: The primary medium was oil painting, which was distinct from traditional ink-based methods.1
* Visual Representation: It introduced realistic depiction, utilizing three-dimensional illusion, shading, and perspective systems to create spatial depth.12
* Professionalism: It fostered a concept of art as a dedicated career to be pursued single-mindedly, rather than as a gentleman’s avocation.1

Eastern-Style Painting

Eastern-style painting maintained continuity with traditional practices while evolving into a modern mode of expression. Key characteristics included:1
* Medium and Technique: Artists utilized traditional mediums, specifically ink or coloured ink on paper or silk.1
* Aesthetic Focus: Rather than focusing on three-dimensional illusion, these works often emphasized bold composition, colour, and a sense of balance.1
* Evolution: Over time, these artists moved toward a modern mode of expression that incorporated elements of genuine abstract art while remaining rooted in traditional ink traditions.1