How did Spanish Baroque architecture emphasize rich surface decoration?

Spanish Baroque architecture, particularly in its late phase known as Churrigueresque, is defined by an intense focus on surface texture and extravagant ornamentation designed to overwhelm the spectator.12

Architects achieved this rich decorative effect through several key methods:

• Complex Ornamentation: Surfaces were densely packed with devices such as broken pediments, undulating cornices, reversed volutes, balustrades, stucco shells, and garlands.1
• Extravagant Detail: Interiors often appeared to "drip" with ornament, featuring fantasticated moldings, rosettes, and scrolls. In spaces like the sacristy of the Cartuja of Granada, even functional elements like doors and cupboards were inlaid with materials such as silver, tortoiseshell, and ivory.3
• Integration of Diverse Influences: The style incorporated Mudéjar (Moorish) traditions and, in the American colonies, native artistic influences. This often included the use of the Churrigueresque column, which was shaped like an inverted cone.1
• Mystical Effects: Designers utilized sculpted clouds, gilded rays, and carefully directed natural light to create spiritual, immersive environments, as seen in the "Transparente" at the Toledo Cathedral.1