How did Japanese and Manchu invasions affect court performing arts during the Joseon period?

Following the Japanese invasions (1592) and the Manchu invasions (1636) during the Joseon dynasty, court support for performing arts declined significantly.1

As a result of this reduced patronage, many former palace performers transitioned into professional troupes. These performers began adapting traditional court forms to suit popular tastes, integrating various stage arts into their repertoires. This shift facilitated the creation of folk masked plays, commonly known as sandae togam gug, which often featured satiric themes targeting corrupt officials and depraved Buddhist monks.1