How did Diego Rivera's murals at Chapingo portray Indigenous peoples and the Spanish conquest?

Diego Rivera’s murals at the former chapel of the National School of Agriculture at Chapingo, painted between 1926 and 1927, utilize a stark visual contrast to depict the history of Indigenous peoples and the Spanish conquest.1

Rivera portrays the lives of Indigenous peoples through scenes characterized by natural fertility and harmony. In contrast, he depicts the Spanish conquest by illustrating the subsequent enslavement and brutalization of these same populations by the Spanish conquerors. These frescoes reflect Rivera's broader artistic commitment to establishing a national identity rooted in Mexico's Indigenous peoples and popular heritage, often employing a style that combines monumental form with lyrical or elegiac moods.1