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Why do many pelecaniform species return to the same mate and nest site in later years?
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Pelecaniform
European white pelicans (Pelecanus onocrotalus) in flight.
Many pelecaniform species return to the same mate and nest site in successive years primarily because of the intense competition for suitable breeding locations. Because these birds typically nest colonially and require environments free of mammalian predators, safe nesting sites are often in short supply.12
When a pair successfully establishes a nest site, they often occupy it repeatedly to avoid the significant energy and risk associated with fighting for new territory in crowded colonies. Returning to the same site and partner allows the birds to bypass the need to re-establish a pair-bond and secure a new location, ensuring they can focus their efforts on successful reproduction in a secure, proven environment.12