What is phenotypic plasticity in bryozoan colonies?

In bryozoan colonies, phenotypic plasticity refers to the ability of certain species to alter the physical form of newly generated zooids in response to specific environmental pressures, such as increased competition or predation.1

When triggered by these environmental cues, the colony can express different genetic characters that would not otherwise be present. For example, a colony may produce zooids with specialized, defensive features—such as spined or armored outer coverings—to better protect itself from predators or to gain a competitive advantage in its habitat.1