What diseases and reproductive problems are linked to low genetic variation in cheetahs?

The low genetic variation observed in modern cheetahs, which stems from historic demographic bottlenecks, has been linked to several biological challenges. This high level of genetic similarity—making the species appear highly inbred—is associated with an increased susceptibility to infectious diseases, such as feline infectious peritonitis (FIP).

Additionally, this lack of genetic diversity is linked to reproductive and developmental issues, specifically high levels of abnormal sperm and increased infant mortality. Despite these findings, it is important to note that there is currently no evidence linking these low levels of genetic variation to reduced fitness in wild populations.1