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What are the four stages of complete metamorphosis in beetles and butterflies?
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Beetles and butterflies undergo complete metamorphosis, also known as holometabolous development. This life cycle consists of four distinct stages:12
- Egg: The cycle begins when the female lays eggs, which eventually hatch into the immature form.12
- Larva: This stage is primarily dedicated to growth and feeding. The larva differs significantly from the adult in form and habits; for example, butterfly larvae (caterpillars) are wingless and adapted for consuming specific plants.13
- Pupa: During this inactive, nonfeeding stage, the insect undergoes a dramatic transformation. Larval tissues are broken down, and adult structures—such as wings and reproductive organs—are developed. In butterflies, this stage is often referred to as a chrysalis.13
- Adult: The final stage begins when the insect emerges from the pupal skin. The adult is typically capable of reproduction and, in many species, flight.12