What are some major breeds of domestic pigeons?

Domestic pigeons, which descend from the rock dove, are categorized into three primary groups based on their purpose and development. Rather than specific breed names, these groups represent the diverse ways humans have selectively bred these birds over centuries:12

• Fliers: These include breeds developed for their performance capabilities, most notably racing pigeons, which are particularly popular in Belgium.12
• Fancy Breeds: Raised primarily for exhibition and show, these birds are bred for highly standardized appearances, unique markings, or specific physical traits. Examples include "form pigeons," favored in England for their bearing, and "colour pigeons," prized in Germany for their unusual plumage.1
• Utility Breeds: These are raised for the production of squabs for meat. In the United States, many utility breeds are considered dual-purpose, meaning they are also bred to meet exhibition standards.1

Additionally, the domesticated form of the African collared dove, often called the Barbary dove, has long been kept as a popular cage and dovecote bird.2