How does the meadow spittlebug damage clover and alfalfa crops?

The meadow spittlebug (Philaenus spumarius) damages clover and alfalfa crops primarily by feeding extensively on the plants. This feeding behavior causes severe stunting of the crops, which can lead to a reduction in yield of up to 50 percent.1

As a member of the froghopper family, the meadow spittlebug is a powerful leaper that is widely distributed across Europe and North America. While the nymphs are known for producing a protective, frothy spittle to avoid desiccation and predators, it is the insect's feeding habits that pose a significant threat to agricultural productivity.21