How does the male European midwife toad care for its eggs?

The male European midwife toad (Alytes obstetricans) exhibits a unique form of parental care by carrying the eggs on his body to protect them during their development.12

After the female lays the eggs in two gelatinous, rosary-like strands, the male fertilizes them and then maneuvers his legs into the egg mass. He winds the strings of eggs around his waist and legs, carrying them with him as he returns to his terrestrial retreat.12

The male provides essential care throughout the incubation period:
* Moisture regulation: If the environment becomes too dry, he makes periodic trips to moisten the eggs, preventing dehydration.1
* Hatching: After approximately three weeks, when the eggs are ready to hatch, the male travels to a pond. He remains with the eggs until the larvae emerge from the gelatinous capsules and are fully liberated into the water to complete their development.12