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How do pond salamander larvae differ from stream salamander larvae?
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Caudata
Tiger salamanders (Ambystoma tigrinum) are widespread across much of the United States. Although they are generally black with yellow blotches, bars, spots, or even stripes, some are lighter in colour or have olive markings. Tiger salamanders belong to the mole salamander family, Ambystomatidae.
In the context of Caudata, the larvae of pond-dwelling and stream-dwelling salamanders exhibit distinct morphological adaptations suited to their respective environments:
- Pond larvae: These larvae typically possess large gills and a high fin on the upper side of the tail that extends far anteriorly, which aids in navigating still water. Their limbs are generally slower to develop. Additionally, embryos of pond-dwelling species typically develop only forelimbs before hatching.12
- Stream larvae: In contrast, these larvae are adapted for flowing water with a low, short tail fin and smaller gills. Their limbs develop early; in fact, stream-dwelling species produce embryos that develop both sets of limbs before they hatch.12
These differences reflect the specific environmental pressures of their habitats, such as the need for stability and efficient respiration in moving versus still water.1