How do marsupial frogs carry their eggs in a pouch?

Marsupial frogs, such as those in the genus Gastrotheca, utilize a specialized pouch on their backs to protect their developing offspring. The process of transferring eggs into this pouch varies by species:123

• In Gastrotheca marsupiata: During amplexus, the male releases semen into the female's pouch. As the female extrudes eggs, the male uses his hind feet to catch them and push them into the pouch, where they are fertilized and develop into tadpoles.1
• In other Gastrotheca species: The female raises her cloaca during amplexus, allowing the eggs to roll forward from her body directly into the pouch, where they undergo direct development into froglets.2

Once inside the pouch, the eggs are kept in a protected environment. In species undergoing direct development, the embryos develop large, gill-like structures that attach to their throats to assist with respiration while they mature within the pouch.2