How do male mayflies attract females for mating?

Male mayflies attract females for mating primarily through visual displays known as mating flights or dances. As dusk approaches, groups of male imagoes gather over water and perform these rhythmic flights, moving up and forward before floating downward in a repetitive pattern.12

These swarms serve as a visual attraction for females, who join the dance by rising and falling among the males. Once a female enters the swarm, a male approaches her from below and behind, grasping her thorax with his elongated front legs to complete the mating process on the wing.12