How are the suborders Charadrii, Lari, and Alcae different?

The order Charadriiformes is divided into three primary suborders, distinguished by their body plans, habitats, and behaviors:1

• Charadrii: Often referred to as shorebirds or waders, this group includes species such as sandpipers, plovers, and snipes. They are primarily birds of shorelines and open areas that walk or wade while feeding.1
• Lari: This suborder consists of long-winged, web-footed birds, including gulls, terns, skimmers, skuas, and jaegers.1
• Alcae: The smallest suborder, this group is comprised entirely of the family Alcidae, which includes auks, murres, guillemots, and puffins. These are compact, streamlined marine birds with short, narrow wings that are specifically adapted for swimming on the ocean surface and underwater.12